Winter Dreams Essay -- essays research papers

Fitzgerald Essay- Prompt 5Money may be able to buy ones happiness exclusively not necessarily satisfaction in life. Fitzgeralds characters in Winter Dreams and Great Gatsby had property, but not satisfaction throughout their life. One can have consoling materials, do grateful things, and obtain satisfying qualities. Characters in Winter Dreams and Three of the most satisfying materials that a person could own is a business firm, money, and a gondola. At least one of these items is essential for a person no matter where they live. The crustal plate is the most satisfying material that a person could own. A home is a place that one can go to rest, eat, and just live. A home provides memories and a place for a family to grow. A home satisfies people with protection, an investment, security, safety, and privacy. The home is definitely a key item of satisfying materials. Another satisfying material that a person could own is money. Money is something that is very important to posse ss. Owning money can satisfy a persons hunger, shelter, and just everything it takes for that person to live. A person would not be satisfied if they did not own either money. They would be depressed and have to live on the streets. Money alone cannot satisfy a person on a whole but it brings unitedly the whole term of satisfaction. The last item that is satisfying is a car. A car is something that can satisfy ones need to call for around. It is important to use to get to work, school, and places to far to venture on foot. A car is a machine with great power and can also satisfy one with air instruct on a hot day. It can satisfy a person with ride to ones favorite place such as the beach. A home, money, and a car are all materials that a person can own to satisfy them. Not only can materials satisfy a person but so can activities such as sports, reposeful, and sleeping. Playing sports can satisfy a persons body and mind. Participating in sports keeps one in shape satisfying the ir centerfield and health. Also it can satisfy a persons stress level by focusing on the activity. Sometimes not playing sports but just relaxing can be satisfying. Relaxing and not working can give a person time to think, breathe, and their body to recuperate. Relaxing is a very satisfying activity. Another activity that is satisfying is sleeping. Curling up under the covers, closing ones eyes, and just clearing the mind is something very ... ...o was playing at that moment had been mirthful and new five years before when Dexter was a sophomore at college. They had played it at a prom once when he could not afford the luxury of proms, and he had stood outside the gymnasium and listened. The sound of the tune precipitated in him a sort of ecstasy and it was with that ecstasy he viewed what happened to him now. It was a clime of intense appreciation, a sense that, for once, he was magnificently attune to life and that everything about him was radiating a brightness and a glamour he efficiency never know again. Dexter would agree that being loving is a quality that gives one satisfaction. He felt this satisfaction when he was with Judy on her boat. His punk turned over like the fly-wheel of the boat, and, for the second time, her casual whim gave a new direction to his life. Dexter was in love with Judy and he saw that Judy was never honest to him. He didnt mind that Judy was never honest, When she assured him that she had not kissed the other man, he knew she was lying--yet he was glad that she had taken the trouble to lie to him. eventually he wouldnt agree that honesty is satisfying because he was just satisfied with a lie.

Censoring Pleas For Help :: essays research papers

In the article "Censoring Pleas for Help", Dwight R. Lee talks about government outlay controls. The author likens government price controls to government censorship, arguing prices are how grocery stores communicate with one another. The example used to demonstrate this point is the price regulations the government enforces after a natural chance, dispense withze prices on such items as labor, construction materials and basic necesities. However, the article demonstrates later how these regulations, while seemingly in place to help protect consumers (in this case disaster victims), actually hurts them. While the intent of the "price gouging laws" is good, they actually do more harm than good. By controlling the prices of these materials, these laws limit the supply of these materials and effectively stop the free market from communicating its increasing demand. Further more, these laws seem to go against the very idea of a free market.The free market communicat es by the fluctuation of prices as the market deals with shortages and surplus until an equilibrium point is found where the price of an item generates an equal amount of standard supplied and step demanded. If the price falls below this point, quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied and there is a shortage in the market. This causes the price to rise, and with it the quantity supplied. As the price rises, the quantity demanded falls. Eventually it reaches the equilibrium point. If the price rises preceding(prenominal) the equilibrium point, there is more of a quantity supplied than a quantity demanded and that will create a surplus. This causes the price to lower, increasing the quantity demanded and decreasing quantity supplied until it reaches equilibrium again. The market depends on these fluctuations in price for communication between suppliers and consumers. With out this communication the market would be in chaos. Suppliers would not know how some(prenomin al) products to supply and consumers would have no way to inform suppliers of their wants.These laws misdirect the flow of supply by not allowing the increasing demand for these items to be reflected in the market as an increase in price. This can be demonstrated by looking at a graph representation of the supply and demand curves proportional to construction materials. Before the natural disaster struck, the market for construction materials was at its equilibrium price point of Fifty dollars. There is no surplus or shortage of goods at this point.

Missouri Compromise Essay -- essays research papers

Missouri CompromiseThe Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1877, was mainly caused by the diverging society between the north-central and the South. The North and the South had different goals. There were many factors that led to the war and the chief ones were political and economic differences between the North and the South. The Norths aggression to control the South had led to the point where it was intolerable. The issue on break ones backry was one of the causes of the Civil War. Slavery and slave trades had blend a big part of the Souths economy. The slaves were needed to work on plantations which helped the South prospered. During the 19th Century, the North worked hard on abolishing slavery, which they thought was a disgrace to the Union. Compromises were proposed working toward an end to slavery. One of the compromises was the Missouri Compromise, which made Maine, a free state, and Missouri, a slave state, excluded slavery from Louisiana Territory and everything above the 36 30-north latitude. Other compromises such as the Compromise of 1850 did please both sides. The Compromise included admitting California as a free state and interstate slave trade to be abolished, which went in favor of the North. The Compromise also went with the South when it included stricter fugitive slave laws and New Mexico and Utah were created without slave restrictions. A ledger called, "Uncle Toms Cabin" was also published at this time emphasizing the evils of slavery. This added tension...

The Dual Nature of Man in Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young Goodman B

The Dual Nature of Man in Young Goodman chocolate-brownIn Young Goodman Brown, Hawthorne tells the story of one mans loss of faith in the human race. As Goodman Brown travels into the woods one night, he is sees the innermost secrets and desires of the people he once placed upon a pedestal. He sees that humans are evil by nature, and this causes him to lose faith in his buster man. By viewing the story as an all selfry, the journey into the woods is associated with the puritan concept of justification. The Puritans viewed justification, or the means by which one receives the salvation of Christ, as a psychological journey into the hell (or evil) of the self (Soler). Goodman Brown fails to complete his process of individuation because he cannot come to terms with the dual Apollonian and Dionysian nature of his being.The Puritans believed that to be justified, one must let go of his worldly dependence and strive to live a life free of sin (Soler), making the story an allegory in its treatment of the nature and consequences of the Puritan belief in the total depravity of man (Waggoner 250). This would have had an impact on the development of the psyche, as the ego struggled to repress certain instincts that the superego deemed as sinful based on Puritanical beliefs.To understand the effects that Puritanism has on the psyche, one must also realize that Puritanism distorted the human spirit of both Dionysian and Apollonian instincts. Even though it favored Apollonian in the sense that it supported a distancing from the world, it does not support the development of the individual, which is associated with Apollo. Puritan Society frowned upon expressing ones individuality (that is why, besides the obvious dishonor, wea... ... The Continuum Publishing Company, New York, 1995.Soler, Angie. The Journey Into the Puritan Heart Nathaniel Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Dr. Jim Wohlpart. American Literature and Analysis Web Site. Florida Gulf Coast Universit y. 1998.Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodman Brown and Other Short Stories. Appelbaum, Stanley, ed. Dover Thrift Edition. General Publishing Company, Canada. 1992.Martin, Terence. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Revised Edition. Twaynes United States Authors Series. G.K. Hall & Company. Massachusetts. 1983.Foster, Jr., John Burt. Heirs to Dionysus A Nietzschean Current in Literary Modernism. Princeton University Press. New Jersey. 1981.Male, Roy R. Hawthornes Tragic Vision. University of Texas Press. Austin. 1957.Waggoner, Hyatt H. Hawthorne A Critical Study. Harvard University Press. Massachusetts. 1955.

Cuba: Then and Now Essay -- Comparison Contrast Government Politics P

Cuba Then and Now In the Treaty of Paris of 1898, Spain relinquished all sovereignty over Cuba. For a time, the constitution of the United States toward Cuba was somewhat ambivalent. The Teller A handsdment at the beginning of the Spanish-American War had pledged the restoration of Cuba to the Cubans. However, at the same time the United States was determined that it would not be placed after the war with Spain in a worse position in regard to its vital interests in Cuba than it had been when Cuba was a Spanish possession. The two men most closely associated with the U.S. relationship and administration of Cuba were Elihu Root, Secretary of War, and Leonard timberland, Governor General of Cuba. At his Washington desk, Root spent considerable time keeping a sharp eye on the Cuban constitutional convention and directing the overall campaign.1 On the scene in Havana was Doctor Leonard Wood who had foregone there as commander of the Rough Riders in 1898. His first major administrativ e task in Cuba after the war was in Santiago res publica where the death rate was two hundred a day, and the filth was terrible. After burning the dead bodies in town, he curtailed the inflation and cleaned up the refuse. In addition, Wood saw that jails were inspected and that schools were secularized. Because of his accomplishments in Santiago, he was appointed Governor General of Cuba on December 12, 1899. He kept the post until the formation of the Cuban Republic in 1902. Wood did well as governor of the Pearl of the Antilles. On September 7, the Chicago Record-Herald reported that Cuba was on the high road to more prosperous clock than it had ever experienced. There was no distress among the population of 1,572,797 other than what might be found under... ...is point from 1901-34 aroused increasing bitterness, as Roots interpretation was not followed. On May 29, 1934, it was abrogated by the United Sates. 11 Lyman Abbott, Reminiscences (Boston and bare-ass York 1915), 438. 1 2 Congressional Record, 58 Cong., 2 sess., 3379 180 U.S. 109 (1900). 13 impertinent York Times, September 10, 1901, 5, c. 4. 14 Philip C. Jessup, Elihu Root (New York 1938), I, 324. 15 Edmond Wood, Can Cubans Govern Cuba? The Forum, XXXII (September, 1901), 66-74. 16 Congressional Record, 56 Cong., 2 sess., 3344-45, 3348, 3375. 17 See above, 33-34. 18 New York Times, September 8, 1901, 3, c. 5. 19 Literary Digest A Weekly Compendium of the Contemporaneous Thought of the World, XXIII (September 7, 1901), 274. 20 Nation A Weekly journal Devoted to Politics, Literature, Science and Art, (September 5, 1901), 180, c. 1.

Cuba: Then and Now Essay -- Comparison Contrast Government Politics P

Cuba Then and Now In the Treaty of Paris of 1898, Spain relinquished all sovereignty over Cuba. For a time, the policy of the United States toward Cuba was somewhat ambivalent. The Teller Amendment at the beginning of the Spanish-American War had pledged the restoration of Cuba to the Cubans. However, at the same time the United States was determined that it would not be placed after the war with Spain in a worse position in regard to its vital interests in Cuba than it had been when Cuba was a Spanish possession. The two men most closely associated with the U.S. relationship and administration of Cuba were Elihu al-Qaida, Secretary of War, and Leonard timberland, Governor General of Cuba. At his Washington desk, Root spent considerable time charge a sharp eye on the Cuban constitutional convention and directing the overall campaign.1 On the scene in Havana was Doctor Leonard Wood who had gone there as commander of the Rough Riders in 1898. His first major administrative task in Cuba after the war was in capital of Chile province where the death rate was two hundred a day, and the filth was terrible. After burning the dead bodies in town, he curtailed the inflation and cleaned up the refuse. In addition, Wood saw that jails were inspected and that schools were secularized. Because of his accomplishments in Santiago, he was appointed Governor General of Cuba on December 12, 1899. He kept the post until the formation of the Cuban country in 1902. Wood did well as governor of the Pearl of the Antilles. On September 7, the Chicago Record-Herald reported that Cuba was on the high road to more well-heeled times than it had ever experienced. There was no distress among the population of 1,572,797 other than what might be found under... ...is point from 1901-34 aroused increasing bitterness, as Roots interpretation was not followed. On May 29, 1934, it was abrogated by the United Sates. 11 Lyman Abbott, Reminiscences (Boston and New York 1915), 438. 12 Congress ional Record, 58 Cong., 2 sess., 3379 180 U.S. 109 (1900). 13 New York Times, September 10, 1901, 5, c. 4. 14 Philip C. Jessup, Elihu Root (New York 1938), I, 324. 15 Edmond Wood, Can Cubans Govern Cuba? The Forum, XXXII (September, 1901), 66-74. 16 Congressional Record, 56 Cong., 2 sess., 3344-45, 3348, 3375. 17 See above, 33-34. 18 New York Times, September 8, 1901, 3, c. 5. 19 Literary Digest A hebdomadal Compendium of the Contemporaneous Thought of the World, XXIII (September 7, 1901), 274. 20 Nation A Weekly Journal Devoted to Politics, Literature, Science and Art, (September 5, 1901), 180, c. 1.

Gay marriage in America Essay

America was built on the foundation of equality for all men notwithstanding, not until recently have intrepid and sapphic individuals inherited such well-bred rights. One of the largest and most pressing issues effecting the jolly population is the issue of gay spousals. Marriage is defined as the relationship that exists amidst a husband and wife or a similar relationship between people of the alike(p) sex (Websters). Within the past ten eld fifteen states have legalized gay marriage.As of Nov. 13, 2013, gay marriage has been legalizedin 15 US states (CA, CT, DE, HI, IA, MA, MD, ME,MN, NH, NJ, NY, RI, VT, and WA) and the Districtof Columbia. 34 states have gay marriage bans through and througheither laws or constitutional amendments or both. (Procon)Fifteen states legalizing gay marriage in ten years is a strong the accomplishment however, it is still, and continues to be, a actually polarizing issue within the country. The passage and bridal of gay marriage effects popu lacey different diversity categories including but not limited to age, religion, and ethnicity and race, and economic status. seasonThere is a direct correlation between age and the opinion of same sex marriage in America. According to The Pew Research Center, junior Americans are much more accepting and favor same sex unions over cured Americans (PewResearchgroup).Individuals, born after 1980, favor allowing gays andlesbians to marry lawfully by a 53%-to-39% margin,while there is less support for same-sex marriage amongBaby Boomers those born 1946 to 1964 than amongyounger age groups. Currently, 38% favor allowing gaysand lesbians to marry legally while 52% are opposed(Pew Research)These recent poling numbers would suggest a continuing trend from extension to generation each new generation is more in favor of same sex marriage than the previous. With more Americans favoring same sex marriage than ever before, one would believe this trend of acceptance of gay marriage will cont inue over the next generations to come. ReligionThere is a strong relationship between how spectral you see yourself and your views and attitudes toward gay marriage. This idea is not very surprising although very important as it contributes to an understanding of the religious factors that influence opinions about issues directly impacting the gay population. Religious attention is associated with negative attitudes towards gay and lesbians and less support to gay and lesbian civil rights. (Todd and Ong, 1) There is a positive link between high religious at slantance and negative attitudes towards gay marriage religious attendance is a constant predictor of attitudes towards gay marriage. Within subgroups of religion such as Christian Orthodoxy and bourgeois Protestant, with such an identification, therefore reducing the odds of supporting gay marriage. (Todd and Ong, 1) Findings suggest the more one identifies and strictly follows their religious views has a direct link to thei r views on gay marriage.Ethnicity and RaceViews and opinions, whether they be negative or positive regarding gay marriage changes and varies within ethnicities and race. African-Americans are generally more opposed to gay marriage versus their white counterparts. African-American religiosity is primarily responsible for their conservative views about homosexuality and same-sex marriage. (Sherkat, Mattias de Vries, and Creek, 81) The factors of race and religion closely relate to each opposite in this aspect and help to influence each other. As stated above religion has great influence on ones views of same-sex marriage and African-Americans have the highest rates of religious participation of any subgroup of the U.S. population (Sherkat, Mattias de Vries, and Creek 81)Between 1998 and 2004, white opposition to same-sexmarriage declined to under 54 percentage, and it dipped tounder 46 percent by 2008. Opposition to same-sex marriagealso declined substantially for those of other rac es,decreasing to under 40 percent in the 2004 survey, andfluctuating between 45percent in 2006 and 43 percent in2008. Yet, African-American opposition did not declinesubstantially between 1988 and 2006. (Sherkat, Mattias deVries, and Creek 81)Within different races the opinions of gay marriage seem to be ever-changing with the clocks except for the African-American race. Again, whether it is due to outside factors of religion, culture, or tradition, the African-American race seems to be lagging in the forward movement of gay marriage. drumheadAs Americans we are guaranteed certain inalienable civil rights and liberties, however as we have seen and know that is not always true. Based on an individuals sexual preference the ability to marry is not always assured. Factors such as age, religion, ethnicity and race, and economic status greatly influence ones opinion on same sex marriage. Those who are older and more religious oppose gay marriage more than their counterparts who are youn ger and less religious. Is this to say every older religious individual does not believe in same sex marriage? The answer is no however, these factors such as age and religiousness tend to follow these trends. There is also variation in opinions within races and ethnicities. White Americans seem to be the most accepting of gay marriage over African-Americans and other races.DiscussionThe decision on choosing gay marriage legalization and views in America today comes from the realization that there are more gay couples pursuit marriage in todays society than ever before. fearless marriage is no different than heterosexual marriage between a man and a woman with the one obvious exception of gay marriage being between two individuals of the same-sex. Often times, gay marriages are not given(p) the same civil rights and civil liberties as their heterosexual counterparts. Age, religion, ethnicity and race, and economic status greatly factor into ones positive or negativeviews on gay m arriage. passim this course I have learned that some individuals or even groups of people, such as the gay population, have a very difficult time obtaining the same advantages as their peers. In the past, homosexuality was something to be feared, however, today the public opinion of gay marriage is changing for the better. Stereotypes and prejudices still exist today however they are slowly being phased out by an understanding and more positive attitude towards gay marriage. As of today fifteen states have legalized gay marriage with many other states predicated to soon follow suit.This research has helped me better understand the struggle and plight that the gay community often faces for basic civil rights. Liberties and benefits that I take for granted that come along with marriage are not often extended to the gay community based solely on sexual orientation. I have gained a new appreciation of marriage because I know it is not something that is equal for everyone as well as not obtainable for every individual at this present time. Marriage is not something to be taken for granted because there are those that still cannot share in its wealth. American was built on the foundation of freedom for all regardless of differing diversities I believe this should hold true for all regardless of sexual orientation. be given CitedGay MarriageProCon.org. ProConorg Headlines. ProConorg, 11 Nov.2013. Web. 17 Nov. 2013. Kohut, Andrew. Less Opposition to Gay Marriage, Adoption and Military Service. Pew Research Center for the People and the Press RSS. People Press, 22 Mar. 2006. Web. 06 Nov. 2013 Marriage. Marriage. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2013.Sherkat, Darren, Kylan Mattais De Vrias, and Stacia Creek. Race, Religion, and Opposition to Same-. Social Science Quarterly (2010) 80-100. EBSCO. Web. 17 Nov. 2013. . Todd, Nathan R., and Katherine S. Ong. Political and Theological Orientation as Moderators for the Association between Religious Attendance and Attitudes toward Gay M arriage for White Christians.Psychology of Religion and Spirtuality 4.1 (2011) 56-70. EBSCO. Web. 2013. .

Abraham and his Relationship with God

It is by our unwavering trust and affright in perfection that he/she is able to truly recognize our faith and deem us righteous or wicked. The near sacrifice of Isaac is undoubtedly the toughest test for Abraham to prove himself to graven image. The son that Abraham had longed for all his life and whom God finally provided for him was to be killed by Abraham, himself, as a sacrifice. Abraham intending to obey this seemingly merciless and unreasonable put across from God was indubitably his most relevant showing of loyalty and trust.The submission of Isaac to his father is typic of the death of Jesus Christ, who died with complete trust in God knowing that he died for our sins (Malaty 28). The trust that Isaac shows in Abraham is alike with the trust that Abraham shows in God. Just as Isaac trusted that Abraham was doing what was best for him, Abraham knows that God would not steer him in the wrong direction. God consistently rewards the abandonment of natural human reason when obeying a request of his/hers. As is reflected in Dei Verbum, The bow of faith (Rom. 326 see 15 2 Cor 105-6) is to be given to God who reveals, an obedience by which man commits his whole self freely to God, offering the full submission of intellect and entrust to God (Pope Paul VI 55). Therefore God is characterized in coevals as knowing what is best for humankind even though his/her methodology is somewhat random and selective (Malaty 39). God says to Abraham after he stops him from killing Isaac, for now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your son, your only son, from me (Genesis 2212). Throughout Genesis the theme of fear in God is Just as prevalent as trust in God.During his travels Abraham encounters the Pharaoh of the Egyptians and King Abimelech of Gerar. He realizes that both kingdoms have no fear in God and that they will surely kill him in order to take his wife. By telling both the Pharaoh and the King that Sarai is his sister, he protects both ki ngdoms as well as himself. At first it may appear that Abraham is acting sly or deceitful towards these seemingly innocent rulers. However, it becomes more and more clear that Abraham does not carriage to trick or deceive, he simply gives these rulers an opportunity to act morally or immorally in he eyes of God, who in turn squeeze out deem them righteous or wicked.Abraham states to King Abimelech, l did it because I thought, there is no fear of God at all in this place and they will kill me because of my wife. (Genesis 2011). By lying intimately his wife, he allows God to instill fear into the rulers of both Kingdoms, and in doing so protects the lives of all the members of their lands. God uses fear as a tool to implant faith into his/her chase. When Abraham is sleeping, a terrifying darkness descended upon him (Genesis 1 512) and God notifies him of the oppression that his ancestors ill endure.By instilling this superstar of terror, God is able to form a bond of trust in h is/her followers, which might otherwise go ignored. It can be perceived that God is scaring flock in order to get what he/she wants. I look at it from the perspective of God using fear in order to make heap realize that he/she is the star true God. And once people come to this realization that he is the father almighty, he has gained their unwavering trust and devotion, as seen through Abraham. He/she does the same with Sarah when telling her that in her old age she will bear a child.She laughs at this and says, After I have grown old, and my economise is old, shall I have pleasure? He/she questions her laughter and says, Is anything too wonderful for the Lord? (Genesis 1812-14). Sarah denied her laughter out of fear of God, and through this exchange she realizes that postcode is too powerful or great for the Lord to accomplish. As such is demonstrated during his dealings with the two cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. The demolition of the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah by God was due to their wishing of faith. They acted wickedly and had no fear of God, which nevitably led to their demise.God acts Justly in his/her decision to destroy the cities. God believes that trust between him/her and his/her followers is crucial and that it must be mutual. Therefore before burning the cities, God makes Abraham aware of his plan as not to deceive him. The Lord states, Shall I hide from Abraham what I am about to do, seeing that Abraham shall become a great and mighty nation, and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed by him? No, for I have chosen him, that he may charge his children and his household after him to keep the way of the Lord by doing ighteousness and Justice. (Genesis 1817-19). God is aware that Abraham is to be father of many great nations. He/she realizes that if he/she wants these nations to be moral, dignified lands full of righteous and honorable humans, that Godself must not formulate the foundations of these new nations with deceit and dupli city. Abraham and the Lord negotiate the terms of the destruction and God agrees that no innocent people shall be harmed. After the two angels sent by God realize that no one in the cities is worthwhile of salvation, the cities are obliterated and only Lot and his two aughters are saved.While in many other books of the Old Testament, God can be seen as spiteful and hypocritical, it is obvious that God is characterized in Genesis as fair and trustworthy. He notifies Abraham of his plans, forming a mutual trust with him, and saves his family from the destruction. It is important to God not only that his followers act morally but also that he/she holds himself/herself to the same standards. Dei Verbum states, To this people which He had acquired for Himself, He so manifested Himself through words and deeds as the one true and living God thatIsrael came to know by experience the ways of God with men. (Pope Paul VI 514). God realizes that in order to make the compact car witn Abraham last he/she nas to esta himself/herself through his actions as the one true God. Acting deceitfully or immorally would undoubtedly Jeopardize that. It is obvious throughout Genesis 11-22 that God looks favorably upon those who show him/her fear, and uses fear as a tool to instill a mutual trust between him/her and his/her followers. Fear and trust go hand and hand in the eyes of God and this is demonstrated through the characters in Genesis.Abrahams near sacrifice of Isaac, the obedience of Pharaoh and King Abimelech, and the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah all map this claim. This might cause one to wonder why God must test his subjects fear if he/she is indeed all knowing. If God already knows that he/ she trusts someone or that this individual fears God, it would appear that he/she tests him/her solely in order to gain their trust. As I stated, trust and fear are synonymous throughout Genesis and God emphasizes their significance while formulating his/her Judgments of certain individuals and nations.

Classic Hollywood in Comedy Films

During Hollywoods untarnishedal period, the seamless style was particularly favored, it championed narrative economy. In some other words, films were constructed so that the viewer was not aware of the construction. This practice of effacing a films construction actually depends on a complex system of visual codes. Hollywood films, as opposed to art films or some types of foreign films, embrace a narrative that is highly efficient and that is determined by cause and effect. For example, The opening of a film typically plunges us_ _into an immediate understanding of an individual character.While natural causes, like floods and earthquakes, or societal causes, such as wars or strikes, might instigate the character in a certain direction or serve as a backdrop, the narrative inevitably centers on the individuals choices. This swift movement toward settlement of the conflict has been made efficiently in what is very much referred to as the three-act structure. As celebrated screenwr iter Ernest Lehman put it more clearly, In the first act, its who are the the great unwashed and what is the situation of this whole story.The second act is the progression of that situation to a high point of conflict. And the third act is how the conflicts and problems are resolved. Though modern films ofttimes depart from the continuity style, this style remains a baseline standard of effective visual storytelling. During the classical Hollywood era, each studio was known for a certain writing style of film or a particular roster of stars. Spencer Tracy, Bing Crosby, Charlie Chaplin were some of the well-known per social classers that emerged during this period.Comic films began to appear in significant numbers during the era of mute films in roughly 1895 to 1930. The visual humor of these silent films relied on slapstick. A very early comedy short was Watering the Gardener (1895) by the Lumiere brothers. In American film, the most prominent comic actors of the silent era wer e Charlie Chaplin. A popular trend during the 1920s and afterward was comedy in the form of animated cartoons with stars such as Betty Boo appearing. Toward the end of the 1920s, the introduction of sound into movies made possible dramatic new film styles and the use of verbal humor. umteen film scholars will argue, film was never entirely silent. Most movies were accompanied by some kind of music and even, at times, live narration. During the 1930s the silent film comedy was replaced by dialogue from film comedians such as the W. C. Fields and the Marx Brothers. The comedian Charlie Chaplin was one of the last silent film hold-outs. 1930 and 1948 are by and large considered bookends to Hollywoods Golden Age, the period when these eight companies secured 95 percent of all film rentals and close to 70 percent of all box-office receipts.In the United Kingdom, film adaptations of branch farces were popular in the early 1930s, while the music hall tradition strongly influenced film c omedy into the 1940s. With the entry of the United States into World War II, Hollywood became focused on themes related to the conflict. Comedies portrayed military themes such as service, civil defense, boot-camp. The war-time restrictions on travel made this a boom time for Hollywood, and close a quarter of the money spent on attending movies.As TV became filled with family-oriented comedies, the 1950s saw a trend toward more braggy social situations. Only the Walt Disney studios continued to steadily release family comedies. The release of comedy films also went into a decline during this decade. Toward the end of the 1950s, darker humor and more serious themes had begun to emerge, including badinage and social commentary. Dr. Strangelove (1964) was a satirical comedy about Cold War paranoia. Among the leading lights in comedy films of the next decade were Woody Allen and Mel Brooks. Both wrote, enjoin and appeared in their movies.Brooks style was generally slapstick and zany in nature, often parodying film styles and genres, including Universal horror films (Young Frankenstein), westerns (Blazing Saddles) and Hitchcock films (High Anxiety). Most British comedy films of the early 70s were spin-offs of tv series, including Dads Army and On the Buses. The greatest successes, however, came with the films of the Monty Python team, including _And Now For Something Completely Different_ (1971), One of the major developments of the 1990s was the re-emergence of the romantic comedy film, encouraged by the success of When Harry Met epigram n 1989 Another development was the increasing use of gross-out humor usually aimed at a younger audience, in films like _Theres Something About_ Mary__, American Pie) and its sequels. In middle 2000s the trend of gross-out movies is continuing, with adult-oriented comedies picking up the box office. The screwball comedy is a subgenre of the comedy film genre. It has proven to be one of the most popular and abide film genre s. First gained prominence in 1934 with It Happened One Night and, although many film scholars would agree that its classic period ended ometime in the early 1940s, elements of the genre have persisted, or have been paid homage to, in contemporary film. Modern screwball comedies embroil Burn After Reading (2008), d. Joel and Ethan Coen Pineapple Express) (2008) d. David Gordon kB The Hangover) (2009) d. Todd Phillips Many elements of the screwball genre can be traced back to such stage plays such as __As You Like_ It_and and Oscar Wildes The Importance of Being Earnest.Like farce, screwball comedies often read mistaken identities or other circumstances in which a character or characters try to keep some important fact a secret. Sometimes screwball comedies feature male characters cross-dressing, further contributing to the misunderstandings (Bringing Up Baby, I Was a Male War Bride, Some Like It Hot). They also involve a central romantic story, usually in which the couple seem mi smatched and even hostile to each other at first, and meet cute in some way. Another common element is fast-talking, witty repartee (You Cant Take It With You), His Girl Friday).This stylistic device did not originate in the screwballs (although it may be argued to have reached its zenith there) it can also be found in many of the old Hollywood cycles including the gangster film, romantic comedies, and others. The philosopher Stanley Cavell has noted that many classic screwball comedies turn on an interlude in the state of Connecticut (Bringing Up Baby, The Lady Eve, The Awful Truth Some notable directors of screwball comedies include Frank Capra George Cukor Howard Hawks

Retailing businesses Essay

Different retailing businesses have very different distribution methods based on the types of fruit that they sell, both(prenominal) arguably more(prenominal) effectively than new(prenominal)s. As menti angiotensin-converting enzymed in an earlier assignment, there are three main types of distribution channels. The first is the channel that goes from the manufacturing business, then to the wholesaler, then to the retailer or sells to the consumer. The morsel channel starts with the producer who sells straight to the retailer, who then sells to the consumer. The third channel goes flat from the producer to the consumer. Channels one and two are classed as indirect exchange channels, whereas channel three is a direct marketing channel as it goes straight from producer to consumer. All of the distribution channels start with a producer who lead bring forth the products, for eccentric the person that milks the cows to break milk.For the first channel, the producer makes th e product and then sells it to a wholesaler, such as Costsco who leave secure a huge quantity of products from them. They would do this to make sure that they have enough to sell onto retailers. They would keep a large amount of the product, for example some kind of confectionary, in there wareho expenditure so theyre in a suit fitted environment to be kept until theyre sold on. Next, the retailer, who could be a small workshop or a larger store, who would want to purchase a specific amount of products from the wholesalers, not in as pop form as the wholesaler would have purchased them in. This method would typically be intentd by riding habitd by smaller, more personal stores, that dont need to buy in such bulk. This channel is effective for confectionary products for example, as Costco brush off get sweets such as Dairy Milk bars, or Skittles, at an incredibly low price for huge boxes.It is healthy because it means that the businesses further down the chain will have confi dence that they will be able to get the products that they want because the wholesaler gets the items I such bulk and if they sell all of their products, they can replenish easily. For the second channel, the retailer can give their consumers a guarantee that the product is fresher than if they used channel one, as they are getting the product directly from the producer before selling it to the consumer. This is because companies get the products directly from producers so they can guarantee the quality, unlike the first channel where the products go through two separate distributors which could contaminate the product orraise the peril of it being damaged. An example of this would be the electronics company Sony. Due to the fact that Sony produces their own products and then sells them onto other electronic stores such as Currys/PC World who will then sell the products onto the consumers.The third Channel will typically bang with the consumer directly rather than using a middlema n. This means that the customer will get the product or service at that moment on purchase. An example of this could be seen with Greggs Bakery. Due to the fact they will have their products made on site and would be able to sell their customers everything they have produced in store without using other stores ford or bringing in any assistance. By doing this it gives Greggs a better look by being able to say that they produce all of their products on site and they can also guarantee that the products are fresh. Different sectors of business will use different techniques when going through the distribution stage differently. This can be from the difference of storing products whilst distributing them and how they actually transport the product to the next person in the channel. For example, how a food retailer and gets their products distributed will be different to how a clothing store gets theirs.For a eating house they use a wide variety of produces such as local farmers and loc al fishermen, depending on the type of restaurant that they own. They could have very specific producers, for example if they were a halal based restaurant they would have to be very specific about their supplier. Then they will have to either make a deal with the producer/supplier so they can collect produce direct from them. Then they will prepare the food ready to cook it and will store the prepared ingredients fail-safely at the correct temperature. They will then wait for the person at the end of the chain the consumer to come to the restaurant to cook it for them. This is good for the producer because money will track back to them through the restaurant gaining the money from selling the meals. The money goes into the restaurant from customers pockets, and then the restaurant will use a portion of this money to re-purchase some supplies from the producer.This is when a good working relationship will develop between them as they will gain more sales and earn more money back. Continuing with a food retailer, Greggs or a restaurant will want to get fresher ingredients than other retailers so that they can make sure they produce all of their products to be as fresh as can be. Thiscan be done for example by Greggs own in-store bakeries having their ingredients delivered in the morning and then they bake them the same morning to make sure they are as fresh as possible. When they order the ingredients from the producers they will have to check that the supplier is storing the produce correctly before purchasing, otherwise they may purchase products that could be unsuitable for them to use and if they did use them, could create problems for them in the future. A good example of this could be seen with restaurants purchasing fish. A lot of the time they would send an employee to get it directly after it has been caught on the boat.They do this so that there are no issues with how the fish is stored, as if it is stored incorrectly whilst distributed it will cau se severe food poisoning and could lead to the restaurant getting sued or shut down. A clothing retailer will start the process from the producer then they will involve the their designers and then they would create the products. If the retailer manufactures their own brand clothing for example Primark the producers send the finished garments directly to their warehouses fir distribution into their stores. If it is a clothing retailer that buys garments from fashion houses or via intermediaries then the finished items would go to their wholesalers and then potentially go to retailers depending on what business it is and then finally, they would be bought by the consumers.They would start the process by appeal the cotton from the cotton farmers then they would be shipped off to the factories where weavers and designers will create the fabrics, the fabric factories will then sell them to clothing manufacturing companies who will create something that retailers can sell on to make a p rofit from the whole process. When they have been created they will choose either to sell them onto a wholesaler or to notwithstanding sell it in their particular stores. With some businesses having stores in other countries it means they have to have all of their products send to one area then they will have to have those products sent to other stores across to other countries, extending the distribution channels. A retail business such as House of Fraser will be using the second channel. This means that they will get their clothing material/parts sent to them and then thy will create their products, and then send them to their retail stores.Because they have a large area inside their stores to store and display their stock it means they can have a large amount of one clothing item on sale at once. BecauseHouse of Fraser is a bigger company than Greggs they will be using more trucks to get their products to them. another(prenominal) difference between the two would be that House o f Fraser will be able to store their products for a longer period of time due to them selling the non-perishable products unlike Greggs, who make the majority of their products on a daily basis and at the end of the day would have to throw those products a personal manner otherwise they would go off.In terms of cost, a restaurant will be willing to spend money in order to get products distributed to them in a safe and hygienic way, as long as they know the full process that the products take. For other businesses, such as Primark, the aim is to get them distributed to them at a very low cost, as long as the products arent damaged. This is because the products arent perishable and there is no need to store them in any specific way to keep them secure.

Why I have identified the development techniques of HR manager

Assisting the HR private instructorI would like to assist the HR manager during the next recruitment process as this will help me gain a better understanding of the process. If I assist her during the process rather than observe her I will be getting hands on experience. The benefits of this are being able to gain experience and knowledge from the manager, I will have a better understanding of the process as the manager will be teaching me as Im assisting her, I will be have-to doe with in the process so I will be able to assist her with short listing and interviewing candidates. The drawbacks to this technique is that it may take the HR manager longer to do the recruitment as she will be using time to teach me and it also may affect the process.Reading the policyThe benefits of looking on the intranet and interlingual rendition the policy are that it is easy to access and enounce, the policy is up to date as it is on the intranet which is updated monthly, I can print out the po licy and read it in my own time, I can make notes and re read the policy as many times as I want until I fully understand the policy. The drawbacks of this are that it may take a long time to read the policy and I may have to read it more(prenominal) than once to understand it.

Good vs. Evil †Lord of the Flies Essay

Star Wars, Superman, James Bond solely of these are stories which chronicle the ever-present warfare between skillful and criminal. What exactly is secure? How does one describe evil? The answers to these questions are highly subjective, and could be debated for years on end with out ever reaching a final exam conclusion. However, it is widely agreed that each person is inherently born with two sides one of which is ripe, the another(prenominal) evil. It is this sense of inherent good and evil in all of us that William Golding tried to warn and protect society against in his classic, The Lord of the Flies.It is clear to anyone who reads this book that Golding is trying to exaggerate the inherent good and evil in the boys on the island. The boys are all well- increase, British prep school boys. They have grown up in a dignified and sophisticated society, and are by no means savage before they crash on the island. However, in a very short period of beat, the boys lose the intell igence and sophistication they had been raised with, and become wild and crazy and nigh completely devoid of any signs of civilization.The boys come to the island controlled by their inherent good, but the longer they stay, the more the inherent evil begins to take over. Inherent good and evil are also represented in the book through different characters. For representative, Simon seems to be the most sensitive and cultivate boy on the island. He is also the only one who recognizes that the true beast on the island is inside the boys themselves. Simon represents the inherent good in human beings. However, Roger is intelligibly bloodthirsty with little or no concern for those he hurts when while he is trying to accomplish a task.In fact, Roger enjoys deliberately hurting other boys on the island. Roger is representative of the inherent evil in man-kind. Through these examples and many more, Golding clearly warns us against the good and evil inside all of us. One may wonder, howev er, what society can do in order to help prevent catastrophe. After all, if good and evil are truly inherentwhat can be done to fix the problem? Golding shows us the answer to this problem through certain events in his book. One of the most obvious examples of this is in the chapter Huts on the Beach. This chapter describes the do by which the boys go through to build their shelters on the beach. When they begin the first hut, all of the boys are call oning together. The final result it strong and of high quality. However, as work continues on the second and third huts, the boys begin to leave for an assortment of reasonsand discontinue their work on the huts. The second hut, with only a few boys working on it, does not end up as strong as the first one. Predictably, the third hut, with even less boys working on it, is of the worst quality out of the three huts.The building of the huts shows that when the boys work together, the end product is much higher quality than when only a few boys are working to create the shelter. Symbolically, Golding is trying to tell society that if we work together, we can ultimately saves society from ourselves, and the inherent evil in all of us. Another example of this message is in an example of what will happen if society instead, continues on the path it is currently on, and people continue to right against each other rather than working together. Toward the end of the story, poop creates his own group on the island.This divides the island in twoJacks group on Castle rock, and Ralphs group which remains on the beach. At the time of this separation, the already lacking democracy on the island weakens drastically, and everything falls apart. Simon is killed, Piggys glasses are stolen, SamnEric are tortured and manipulated, Piggy is murdered, and Ralphs life almost comes to a dramatic end. These events represent the obvious truth that when the people fight against each other, the result is extremely counter-productive, and w ill eventually corrupt society.Inherent good and evil, and the qualification of each, is a topic that has been debated for centuries, and is sure to be debated in the future. We may never all agree on one true definition for good and evil. We may never even agree on whether good and evil both truly exist. However, the important thing is to realize that what Golding was trying to warn us against is a real problem. Society is heading in a negative direction, and if we dont do something soon, it may be too late to make for back.

Abraham Lincoln Summary

The book Abraham capital of Nebraska, written by James M. McPherson, constitutes not only Abraham capital of Nebraskas life, but also his remarkable presidency. Abraham Lincoln was the sixteenth president of the United States. He also was considered a peacemaker because his passion was to follow Gods law and create every serviceman to be equal. During Lincolns first term of presidency in 1860-1864, he followed his passion by abolishing slavery, otherwise known as the Thirteenth Amendment. pursuit his first term, his second terms goal is now known as the Fifteenth Amendment.To say the least, McPherson argues the brilliancy of Abraham Lincolns ideas and the colossal section Lincoln had regarding the United States of America. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 by Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks. Lincolns childhood was preserved, and his education was gained by dint of many assorted schoolhouses since his father was on the move so much. Abe Lincolns love for reading made h is fathers relationship with Abe more distant.Since Lincoln did not have love for the plantations or farming, his father grew bitter to struggleds his sons future. Abe Lincolns coming of age required him to realize he was getting old. He decided to marry Mary Todd in 1842. A few years after his father died in 1851, Lincoln volunteered for the militia. This increased his interest in government and the Union. Abraham Lincoln was a Republican with Whig ideology. Lincoln succeeded in his campaign for congressmen and after that, he decided to run for president.Although his campaigns for presidency failed several times, Abraham Lincoln neer gave up because he knew it was what he wanted to do. His last candidacy with Senator Douglass was a hard campaign, but Lincolns three in free demesne votes guaranteed his election as a Republican president. This was only the beginning of a long crucial time for the North and South. The decreasing supplies at Fort Sumter lead to the start of the Ame rican Civil War. The American Civil War was a long lasting war between the Union northern states and the Confederacy southern states.The origin of this war was the quarrel issue regarding slavery. In 1863, Abraham Lincoln stated his view on the purpose of the war. Stating, This nation could either be perished from the earth, or might live through this flexible, simple issue, which can only be tried by war (McPherson 35). Lincoln was not fond of violence, but he knew that this is what it took for the United States to become a country of equality and righteousness. Throughout the war, Abe Lincoln had many commanding officers that failed him and his hope for winning the war.There was one commander that Lincoln applauded because they had the same military strategy. Ulysses S. Grant was the successful commander that led the Union multiple battles of victory. In fact, Abe Lincoln was so pleased with Grant, Lincoln granted a higher rank for Grant making him cosmopolitan in chief of all U nion armies. As matters bound up throughout this war Lincoln stood tall and firm on his beliefs regarding different issues. integrity matter rose up about slavery, this was during 1862, the time the Emancipation Proclamation was issued.The Emancipation Proclamation was essentially a document that freed slaves from Confederate territory forever. As a result of the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln and his administration decided to adopt a Constitutional Amendment to abolish slavery. This is now known as the Thirteenth Amendment. Although Abe Lincoln did not live to see the issue of the Thirteenth Amendment, his presidency is the foundation of that Amendment. In November 1865, Lincoln was reelected to be president. However, that term did not last very long.In April 1866, Booth, an selfish member of the Confederate secret service, shot Lincoln in the head. Few might say Lincoln help too much power, but others would give notice (of) him as a saint. James McPherson contends Lincolns phenomenal presidency and his great contribution to the United States of America. Without Lincoln, the nation might have still been divided, and requisition would be more than a controversial topic. Abraham Lincoln is a riveting book that tailgates not only Lincolns life, but also his enchanting presidency.

Trisha Knowles

Show your work. She will continue to lose weight and her muscles and ashes will shrink. Overall sagaciousness Discuss overall implications of IBM and any energy imbalance on overall health. Skipping meals gives the body energy imbalance and doesnt give it the types of energy to perform what you need your body to do. Pushing the body to its limits can end up in some nasty situations.Analyze food choices Is the client getting enough of each of the designated food groups? No because they dont eat any fruits in their diet and way too many vegetables. She eats a bantam too much protein but she also needs calcium and some more grains and wheat in her body as well. How does consumption of fats, carbohydrates, proteins and sodium compare to recommended values? Because they all work in the body to perform certain task to help it functions properly. Not feeding the body the good mount and the right foods hinders the body.Propose ways to bring the energy input and output in line with Trash s health goals. Describe last(a) recommendations to improve Trashs overall health and help her regain energy and strength. How should Trash alter her eating habits and her natural action? Link your recommendations to her personal health history and her family history. She should add more fruits and dairy products lessen the proteins and vegetables to where she doesnt get things alike high blood pressure.

“On the Waterfront” and the Music of Leonard Bernstein

Addam Farmer MUS 468I Written Project Professor Perry La Marca 3/19/2012 On the Waterfront and the Music of Leonard Bernstein (1954) On the Waterfront is a masterpiece film about a union humans (Terry Malloy) whom makes an attempt to stand up to the corrupt mob bosses leading the Longshoremens Union. Just as chief(prenominal) as the plot of the film is the unison the original score by Leonard Bernstein greatly influenced how other composers would lift film scoring.Bernstein combined the American characteristics of Aaron Coplands music (disjunct melodies, wide intervals, small solely colorful ensembles) with the isolated and somewhat disturbing elements of modernism. Bernstein did not shy away from dissonance, and he also incorporated jazz elements (such as brass and rhythmic syncopation) into the equation. During the go-ahead credits, we can hear a solo French horn followed by a small music ensemble. This is expected of the modernist technique to start off with one instrument followed by others mirroring the opening melody and/or providing contrapuntal contrast.What is amazing about On the Waterfront is not just the music itself rather, it is the way in which Bernstein employs his music. The movie score is not wall-to-wall there are long periods of silence in the film (other than sound effects and dialog. ) Strategic musical entrances and long periods of silence are carefully situated to sustain with the storytelling of the film. For instance, when the non-corrupt members of the Longshoremens Union meet in the Church to discuss their problems, there is no music.Suddenly, excite danger music begins to play, followed by the mobsters attempt to break up the union meeting. The corrupted mobsters begin to bunk up the union members, showering them with intimidation. The placement of the music plays a vital role in this scene as the absence of the music symbolizes the absence of conflict. Another way Bernstein helped the film is through his utilization of various physical compositions. The Waterfront subject field serves as the frame of the musical score.Parts of the make-up can be heard throughout the film, but the Waterfront theme is only heard in the complete form at the beginning and end of the film. There is also a love theme that acts as the catalyst for the portrayal of Edie and Terrys chemistry. Lastly, the dominant theme in the film is the Violence theme, which is first heard in the second scene with the death of Joey. These themes help to distinguish the films elements the love story between Edie and Terry, the violent nature of the corrupt union bosses, and the overall gist of the film.The greatest point in the music occurs at the climax of the film, when Terry gets severely bruised and beaten by the union bosss men. At this point, Bernstein utilizes the Violence theme surrounded by dissonance and jazz-style shorten rhythms. Then, when we see Terrys bloodied face, a plainer version of the Violence theme is heard in th e woodwinds. The opening Waterfront theme is then heard by a solo horn after Terry asks the others to coiffure me on my feet. The horn is joined by an orchestra.The proceeding music follows the nationalistic, proud, American music style of Aaron Copland Bernstein again shows the listeners where his own compositional influences come from. The grand performance of the theme suggests the unity of the union members standing up to the mob bosses. The theme also can suggest the courage held by the longshoremen as working citizens of American society. Leonard Bernstein was a musical genius in many different aspects. It is kind of a shame that On the Waterfront was his only original film score even West Side Story was later vary for film.His intelligent use of various themes coupled with his great sense for rests in the score create a mood that sucks the viewer into the world of Terry Malloy. His careful decisions concerning where to place the silences also help to surprise the viewer s in a way that is conducive to the film the viewer cant help but wonder what will happen next. It is no wonder that Bernsteins scoring for On the Waterfront was held in laid-back esteem by the very composers that inspired him.

Wanda Why Aren’t You Dead

Tiffany Anderson Dr. Zubeck English 110 Wanda wherefore Arent You nonviable A rime is a composition of emotional oral communication or expression artists compound into their form of art. Poetry push aside be extremely emotional coming from the artist. The poem Wanda Why Arent You exsanguinous by Wanda Coleman focuses on an African American woman who is degraded and belittled by the people she associates with. It shows just now how damaging words can truly be when used to hurt a person. Wanda Why Arent You Dead is round Wandas struggling with the people around her and their crude opinions ab off her, however maintaining her identity and becoming stronger by the end of the poem. Wanda, being a poet, expresses her feelings into this poem and does a phenomenal job at it. It allows the readers to feel what the sponsor feels and sh ar in her sadness. Colemans protagonist undergoes internal conflict within herself due to the bullying she experiences from others. They batter her visit around and disrespect her constantly, shown by the repetition of the name Wanda.The voices in the poem point knocked out(p) her imperfections, trounce her, support her insecurities, and antagonize her in any way they can. Wanda has no good features, according to the busybodies in the poem. Wanda is scrutinized for her display and any other noticeable aspect she has. The meddlers ask her constantly why she does or does not smack a certain way. For example, one says, why dont you lose weight (5) While another says, how come your feet are so goddamn big (7). These small insults amplify as the poem progresses.They become more cattish and cruel. She relives these hurtful judgements recurrently throughout the poem. Throughout the poem, Wanda is told numerous hurtful and malicious things about herself. Wanda has been verbally and probably physically ill-used on more than one occasion. The questions they ask her are not actually questions, they are verbal attacks. The tormento rs do not want an answer, they solely wish to hurt Wanda. They question who she is, her appearance, her well-being, and even her existence.Her tormentors boss her for being black, they include her in the fabrication that all black women behave the same and are alike. matchless example, what is it like being black (10) questions her identity as a black woman, as if she can deliver on behalf of the entire race. The insults poke at her continuously throughout the poem. They disrespect her family, personality, her intellect, and her integrity. These harsh statements do not affect not what Wanda believes about herself. They are the voices of people who know her that are saying what they think about her.But, she beats herself up with the harsh memories of the comments made towards her. The meddlers could be anyone in her community friends, family, even strangers. They pick out any visible flaw about her and throw it in her face. They feed her insecurities and add on to them. The reader s can even feel pity towards Wanda because she is being brought down. Camille Paglia, a literary critic, touches this topic of Wanda conquering over the abuse she endures in her analytic thinking of the poem, stating The wonder is that she survives and thrives (8. ) due to the fact that one of Wandas meddlers asks her, i wonder / why aint you defunct (28-29). She fights off all of their bad judgments on her and she remains her own person. They ask Wanda more than once during the poem why she is so angry and defensive. angiotensin converting enzyme tormentor states, wanda youre ALWAYS on the attack (25). Wanda is defensive to cheer herself from any damage their harsh words could inflict on her. All the annoyances and comments throughout the poem do not matter to her anymore the reader of this poem can tell as the tone and language changes in the poem right at the ending.The poem turns from its attacking tone to a more apologetic. One line, wanda I didnt know I was hurting you / t hat was an accident (18-19) shows that at some point someone began to moderate they were hurting wanda and felt remorse for it. Camille Paglias analysis of the poem points out specific details about Wanda. She points out Wandas lifestyle and other aspects of her was well. Paglia gives her view of the meddlers and their intentions of the mean comments they make towards Wanda. She says that wanda is an unmarried pitted against the tyranny of the group (4. ). Wanda is an individual who is being attacked and pointed out by others. She is continuously judged because of her outer appearance and even her preference of men. Paglia also mentions Wandas reaction to her bullies. Instead of Wanda breaking and consuming herself in all the vulgar things said to her, she regains control and maintains her individuality. In her analysis of the poem, she states, when the worst can be said, reality seems less harsh. Wanda overlooks and disregards all the comments thrown at her and stays herself re gardless.Wanda revolts from her tormentors harsh views of her and proves them revile, however she remains the same by the end of the poem showing she refuses to change to please anyone. erstwhile Wanda makes it clear she is fighting back at the statements said to her, it sets a different tone in the poem. The poem now shows that Wanda has won victory over her bullies and becomes a stronger woman. She is finally her own person who does not hark to what people say about her. By the end of the poem, Wanda is her own person and comes out on top. She proves her tormentors wrong and does not change.She does not believe she is any of the things said about her. She does not want to be forge into any of the things suggested to her, she would rather disregard the harsh judgements and be her own woman. The statement, why aint you dead (27) clearly shows that the poet is unagitated alive, she has survived all the criticism and hurt. But, she is stronger than she was before which leaves the tormentors wondering how she has done it. Wanda gives the poem life by disregarding and look over the criticism thrown at her and being her own person, despite the meddlers attempts to break her.

Corporate Governance Essay

ABSTRACTThis paper examines whether the hire of the question administrator policeman position in Hong Kong public self-coloureds is affected by be on art object, disposed the bias of family retain on the boards of many Hong Kong companies. It is hypothe coatd that I) in family-controlled boards, mind administrator ships officers receiver higher(prenominal) allowance and II) of import administrator military officers in family-controlled boards serve as of import administrator officeholder positions longer. In family-controlled boards, bodily plaque is of truly high importance as the independent non- decision maker director directors hatful hightail it out slight(prenominal)(prenominal) yield over the board, comp atomic number 18d to non-family-controlled boards ( sprinkle boards).Keywords Board composition, Remuneration, Corporate Governance.1.INTRODUCTIONThe economic turmoil in Asia in 1997 has led to a wider recognition of the importance of somatic gove rnance. In line with global trends towards higher standards of corporate governance, the duties and liabilities of the directors of the listed companies accommodate at that placefore become to a greater extent stringent.It follows that many corporate governance mechanisms designed to monitor board members may be less legal for family-owned and family-controlled firms. However, to attract distant investors, family-owned and family-controlled firms tend to encourage greater license and monitor from the board.For the purposes of the study, family-owned and family-controlled argon used interchangeably. The actor is that actual family proprietorship is difficult to ascertain due to various shargonholdings and special purpose vehicles that ar used, and cannot be deduced from yearly reports.Thus, in this study we classify family-control and family-proprietorship when the board is made of a legal age of connect family members as a family-controlled board. When it is not, we classi fy it as a dispersed board. In practice, in that location ar instances where the family owns the majority of a company but comprise of a minority of the board, and it is possible that the family is able to exert work out via other avenues, however, this study entrust not be examining much(prenominal).Family-owned firms are common throughout Asia. Studies yield that, family-owned firms hold more than than 20 share of the equity of listed companies in Asia, and more than 60 percent of the listed companies hand connections with family-owned groups (Bebchuk & Fried, 2006). Family-owned businesses represent the predominant form of listed companies in Hong Kong (Standard & Poors, 2002). Such family ownership structure implies the strong sour of dominant shareholders and provides limited voice for minority shareholders. Compared to the Anglo-American surroundings, where ownership blocks are less concentrated but institutional investors are more prevalent, in Hong Kong, thither is less of a culture for non-executive directors or minority shareholder activists to challenge.Variations in ownership structure may lead to differences in the nature of agency conflicts, the roles of directors may transfigure in accordance to the ownership structure. For family-owned firms, Shleifer and Vishny (1997) argue that the primary agency conflict is in the midst of a family owner and non-family owners. Meanwhile, for widely held firms, Berle and Means (1932), and, Jensen and Meckling (1976) argue that the primary agency conflict is between executives and shareholders. As a consequence, tie recompense to performance of executives may prove the most efficient way to mitigate this agency conflict.To date, a vast of literatures published in recent years immortalise the growing recognition of influences of family-owned firms and executive salary on corporate governance. Many studies induct tended to focus on the use of payment contracts to align interests of executive s with owners in family-owned firms.The rise in executive stipend in recent years has been the subject of public criticism, which progress intensified corporate governance scandals. in that locationfore, the question whether a correlation exists between remuneration and family-control in board composition at Hong Kong-listed companies.2.OBJECTIVESIn 1994, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited introduced curbs that require listed firms to disclose the remuneration of directors. Before 2004, there was no requirement to disclose the names and remuneration of directors (subgenus Cheng & Firth, 2005).The Disclosure of fiscal Information rule down the stairs Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limiteds leaning Rules was amended on 31 March 2004 to require upright disclosure, on an individual and named basis, of directors fees and any other reimbursement or emolument payable to a director. In profit, Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standard 2 requires listed firms to disclose director s share-based remuneration.The Code on Corporate Governance Practices forms part of the Listing Rules and came into effect on 1 January 2005. According to the Code on Corporate Governance Practices, Hong Kongs listed firms should be overseen by an effective board, which should assume responsibility for the leadership and control of the listed firm, and the members of which should be collectively responsible for promoting the victory of the firm by directing and supervising its affairs. Directors should make decisions objectively in the best interests of the firm.In regards of remuneration policy for firms directors, the Code on Corporate Governance Practices requires the disclosure of information related to the firms directors remuneration policy and other remuneration-related matters. There should be a formal and transparent procedure for scene policy on executive directors remuneration. The Chief executive director Officer, a director in the board of company, will hence save h is/her full remuneration disclosed.It is recommended that remuneration should be set at a level sufficient to attract and retain directors of the caliber required to run the company successfully, but companies should avoid gift more than is necessary.However, it is argued that many corporate governance mechanisms designed to monitor board members may be less effective for family-owned firms. However, to attract distant investors, family-owned firms tend to encourage greater independence and observe from the board.In Hong Kong, there are quite a number of listed companies have a high submerging of family ownership. It is common for the outmatch executives of family-owned firms in Hong Kong to be family members. The rise of remuneration of family executives in family-owned firms has been the subject of public criticism.Recognizing this, the purpose of this research is to arise out whether there is any consanguinity between family-board-control of firms and remuneration of Chie f decision maker Officers. To summarize, this study revolves nearly the following major objectives. To test whether there are significant differences in Chief Executive Officers remuneration for family-controlled and non-family-controlled firms (specifically firms with family-controlled boards and firms without family-controlled boards) To find out whether Family Chief Executive Offices (cases where the Chief Executive Officer are family members of the family-controlled boards) are awarded uppity compensation, compromising standards of corporate governance To examine the tenure of Chief Executive Officers for family-controlled firms vs non-family-controlled firms, assumption that there may be differences in the boards ongoing approval and demand of the results delivered by the Chief Executive Office and To test whether there are significant differences in corporate governance structure of family-controlled and non-family-controlled firms.3.LITERATURES REVIEW, shot DEVELOPMEN T3.1 Agency surmiseIt is commonly acknowledged that ownership structure, the basis of corporate governance, is important to the overall performance of firms. While there are a large number of literatures discussing ownership structure, agency hypothesis is frequently cited as a foundation.In modern corporations, the withdrawal of ownership and control leads to agency conflicts that can be alleviated through various corporate governance mechanisms (Fama and Jensen, 1983). As one such(prenominal) mechanism, compensation schemes are designed to provide incentives that align the demeanor of operators to act on behalf of principles (Jensen and Meckling, 1976). This relationship between executive compensation and firm performance has received considerable attention from the general public and academics.One of the issues in the field of management is the impact of family influence (Mishra et. al., 2001 McConaughy et. al., 1998) and corporate governance on the value of a firm (Khatri et al., 2001 Kwak, 2003 Black et al., 2003).There are various studies in diverse areas like accounting, economics, finance, law and management have been conducted to study such impact (Mishra et al., 2001 Kwak, 2003 Blacket al., 2003 Andersen and Reeb, 2003). These studies have resulted in interesting and useful observations.According to Alchian and Demsetz (1972), the principal agent problem comes from hidden action due to asymmetric information. The essence of a firm is that, it permits people to work as a team. It is the cooperation of a team that leads to a firms output. Thus, the agency problem necessarily arises in corporate governance.According to Jensen and Meckling (1976), agent problem arises from the conflict of interests between shareholders as the principals and the executives as the agents. Consequently, residue control rights fall into the hands of management instead of the residual cash flow claimants. As a result, the sum of monitoring expenditures be incurred by the principal, bonding expenditures incurred by the agent, and the value of the lost residual borne by the principal are included as the cost of agency.In general, when ownership of a firm becomes more dispersed, the agency problem will be deteriorated due to the inability of the relatively small shareholders to monitor the behavior of management. The monitoring of managers by shareholders is likewise weakened by free-rider problem. To mitigate the problem of agency, Ang (2000) and Denis and Sarin (1999) suggested the shareholding of management to be increased in order to make the executive a significant claimant.An inverse correlation exists between the dispersed ownership and firm performance (Berle and Means, 1932), because executives interests do not coincide with the interest of shareholders so that corporate resources are not used for the maximization of shareholders wealth. This view has been supported by many scholars. Shleifer and Vishny (1986), McConnell and Servaes (199 0), and Zingales (1995) found a strong positive relationship between ownership concentration and corporate performance.In transitional economies, Xu and Wang (1999) and Chen (2001) found a positive relationship between actual firm performance and ownership concentration for a sample of listed Chinese companies.3.2Ownership StructureIt is common in Hong Kong, that ownership structure is characterized by star dominant owners (Chau & Leung, 2006). A report of the Corporate Governance Working Group of the Hong Kong Society of Accountants in 1995 indicated that a high concentration on family-controlled listed firms is highly entrepreneurial and opportunistic in their business strategies, however, the report also indicate that these firms with single dominant owners lack resources and corporate culture to maintain strong internal corporate control.The 2001 Review on Corporate Governance by the Hong Kong Standing Committee for Corporate Law Reform, as well as a report from Standard & Poor s, indicated that family ownership structures present particular challenges. Theoretically, there is a major puzzle regarding the role of family in large firms (Bertrand & Schoar, 2006 Villalonga & Amit, 2006).In family-controlled firms, threatening factors may negatively influence the firms value (Demstez, 1983 Demstez and Lehn, 1985). Table 1 as below lists positive and negative factors affecting the relationship between family control and firm value. It shows that there is still difference of opinion among researchers on this topic of importance.3.3Family Chief Executive OfficersIn this study, whether a person belonging to the family acts as a Chief Executive Officer is taken into account. We classify family-control and family-ownership when the board is made of a majority of related family members (family-controlled board). When it is not, we classify it as a dispersed board. Family Chief Executive Officers have substantial memoryholdings of 5 percent or more (Daily & Dollinger , 1993), with such given bargaining power, can be expected to influence the size and structure of their remuneration packages to their own benefit. Thus, for the purposes of this study, Chief Executive Officers with stockholdings of less than 5 percent are not counted as Family Chief Executive Officers.There are differing opinions on whether such Family Chief Executive Officers have higher or impose remunerations at such family-controlled firms. Some believe that such Family Chief Executive Officers are receiving above-average compensation due to the family-controlled board, as well as their strong ability to influence remuneration committee.Oh the other hand, others take the opposite view and see that Family Chief Executive Officers should be receiving below-average compensation. There is several reasons for this expectation. First of all, both anecdotal (Applegate, 1994 Kets de Vries, 1993) and empirical (Allen & Pamian, 1982 Gomez-Mejia et al., 2001 Schulze et al., 2001) evidenc e suggest that incumbents with family ties to owners enjoy high use of goods and services security.As argued by Beehr (1997), the Family Chief Executive Officer inherently plays two overlapping and interdependent roles a work role as steward of the company, and a non-work role as fulfillment of family obligations. In reciprocity for this role duality, the Family Chief Executive Officer is rewarded with a relatively assured job (Allen & Pamian, 1982 Kets de Vries, 1993 Gomez-Mejia et al., 2001).Moreover, nigh literatures suggested that evaluators are more likely to make positive performance attributions to employees when there are emotional ties between monitoring and those world judged (Cardy & Dobbins, 1993). It is expected that in family-controlled firms, board members in their role as monitors may be less inclined to attribute disappointing results to the Family Chief Executive Officer, giving the benefit of the doubt to the incumbent when interpretation ambiguous performan ce data.Agency theory suggests that there are inherent conflicts between shareholders and executives. Applying agency theorys logic, the above scenario suggests that in family-controlled firms, risk adverse agents would trade higher job security for lower earnings if they are related to principals. Family Chief Executive Officers mitigate usual agency costs because of their aline interests with the owners (Anderson & Reeb, 2003). The information asymmetry problem in agency relationships may also be reduced given the close ties between Family Chief Executive Officers and the owners. Since they hold high ownership stakes, Family Chief Executive Officers have sufficient incentives to place family welfare ahead of personal interests, thus may perform better than firms with non-family Chief Executive Officers.Barney (2001) suggested that appointing family members as Chief Executive Officers may be beneficial. Tradition, loyalty, and bonding relationships determine how resources are depl oyed in family firms. Family Chief Executive Officers build common interests and identities (Habbershon & Williams, 1999) and play a dual role by being both owners and executives (Chang, 2003 Yiu, Bruton, & Lu, 2005).Through social relationships with managers and employees, Family Chief Executive Officers may help to obtain intangible resources such as goal congruence, trust, and social interactions, providing valuable, unique, and hard-to-imitate competitive advantage (Chu, 2011 Liu et al., 2011 Luo & Chung, 2005).The Code on Corporate Governance Practices recommends remuneration committee to undertake advice from the Chief Executive Officer on the matter of directors remuneration.Executives in firms controlled by a large shareholder receive more compensation for performance, than executives in firms lacking a controlling owner (Gomez-Mejia et al., 1987).Mehran (1995) examined the relationship between executive remuneration, ownership structure and firm performance. The results in dicate that firms, which have more outside directors, have a higher percentage of executive remuneration in equity-based form. Moreover, the percentage of equity-based remuneration is reciprocally related to the outside directors equity ownership, i.e., the executives equity-based remuneration rose if the outside directors owned less of the company, and vice-versa.Next, Mehran (1995) turned to firm performance, and its relationship to executive remuneration and ownership structure. He used Tobins Q and sire on assets as measures of firm performance. He found firm performance to be positively related to the percentage of executive remuneration that is equity-based. However, Mehran (1995) no relationship between firm performance and ownership structure. He concluded that the results support the notion that executive remuneration should be tied to firm performance.There is a vast amount of literature on turnover of the Chief Executive Officer position (Furtado and Karan, 1990 Kesner a nd Sebora, 1994 Finkelstein and Hambrick, 1996 pitchers mound et al., 2000). However, according to Finkelstein and Hambrick (1996), the relationship between remuneration and turnover has not been subjected to rigorous empirical examination, even given the emphasis on retention as a justification for high remuneration of Chief Executive Officer.The following hypotheses are framedHypothesis 1 In family-controlled boards, Chief Executive Officers receive higher compensation.Hypothesis 2 Chief Executive Officers in family-controlled boards serve as Chief Executive Officer positions longer.3.4Board CompositionThe role of the board is expected to represent shareholders, provide strategic guidance to and effective supervision of management, foster a culture of good governance, and promote a safe and healthy working environment within the company.In accordance to Hong Kong Stock Exchange Listing Rule 3.10, the board of directors is required to have at least three independent non-executive directors. The presence of truly independent non-executive directors in the corporate governance regime is seen as one way of mitigating agency problem associated with concentrated family ownership.In family-owned firms, given the influence of family control on the remuneration and performance relationships exists, where the majority of shares are in the hands of family members, under this circumstance, the executive and risk-bearer functions are merged and more of the wealth consequences of the executives decisions are internalized. In other words, there is less separation of ownership and control and thus lowering agency costs, which in turn leads to less cost for monitoring by outside directors. Therefore, firms closely controlled and managed by family members are expected to use lower proportion of outside directors compared with firms with disperse ownership.In widely held firms, with ownership dispersed among many investors, investors are often small and ill informed to exerc ise even the control rights they actually have. Moreover, the free-rider problem faced by individual investors makes them benumbed in expending effort to learn about the firms they have financed, or even to participate in the governance (Shleifer and Vishny, 1997). As a result, the larger degree of separation of ownership and control in widely held firms leads to greater conflicts. The use of outside directors by widely held firms is expected to be more.3.5Remuneration CommitteeIn 1999, remuneration committees were uncommon in Hong Kong, with only few firms reporting their existence (Cheng & Firth, 2005). Since 2006, Hong Kong Stock Exchange proposes a rule to require issuers to set up a remuneration committee, with the committee chairman and a majority of the members being Independent Non-executive Directors.In family-owned firms, the positions of the Chief Executive Officer are unremarkably held by family members, who can influence the level of remuneration paid to directors. Th e Code on Corporate Governance Practices recommends remuneration committee to seek advice from the Chief Executive Officer on the matter of directors remuneration.The Code on Corporate Governance Practices recommends that the majority of remuneration committee members be Independent Non-executive Directors. The presence of Independent Non-executive Directors on the remuneration committee is speculate to be used as monitoring mechanism that prevents excessive remuneration for executive directors (Basu et al., 2007), including that of the Chief Executive Officer. The role of independent non-executive directors and large institutional shareholders becomes crucial to curtailing the possible self-serving behavior of top managers (HKSA, 2001).Studies of firms in other countries show conflicting results on the relationship between remuneration and remuneration committee. Some findings show that remuneration committees tend to reduce remuneration, whereas others report the opposite (Conyon & Peck, 1998 Ezzamel & Watson, 1998).However, in practice it is highly likely that the Chief Executive Officer has some influence over the compensation decision (Murphy, 1999). An important question relating to the composition of remuneration committee concerns the ideal combination of outsiders and insiders. Insiders may face distorted incentives due to their lack of independence from the Family Chief Executive Officer (Bushman et al., 2004).3.6 Components of RemunerationThe basic components of remuneration of Chief Executive Officer are similar, however, the relative level and weights on the components differ (Abowd and Kaplan, 1999, and Bryan et al., 2006). Generally, remuneration of Chief Executive Officer can be divided into four basic parts a base salary, an annual bonus which is tied to some accounting measure of company performance, stock options, and long-term incentive plans, such as restricted stock plans and multi-year accounting-based performance plans. Base salary is the fixed part of remuneration of Chief Executive Officer, causing risk-averse executives to prefer an increase in base salary rather than an increase in bonuses. Most components of remuneration are specified relative to base salary. Bonus in addition to the base salary, most companies offer their executives an annual bonus plan based on a single years performance. The purpose of such bonuses, as well as options, is to align the incentives of the Chief Executive Officer with that of the shareholders. Stock options are contracts, which give the owner the right to buy shares at a pre-specified exercise harm. Stock options reward stock price appreciation, not total shareholder return, which includes dividends. In this study, stock options are excluded, as full details of such information would not be retrievable from annual reports. Other forms of compensation restricted stock to be received by executives, it is restricted in the sense that shares are forfeited under certain conditio ns, which usually have to do with the longevity of employment. Many companies also have long-term incentive plans in addition to the bonus plans, which are based on annual performance. Top executives routinely participate in secondary executive retirement plans in addition to the company-wide retirement plans. Most executives have some sort of jailbreak arrangement. Finally, executives often receive benefits in the form of free use of company cars, housing, etc.Based on the various conceptual and empirical evidences presented above, this study aims to understand whether the remuneration of a Family Chief Executive Officer is influenced by the board composition, i.e. whether it is family-controlled or not. This ties into the original Hypothesis 1, thus, the further hypotheses is framed as followsHypothesis 3 The higher the proportion of independent non-executive members on the board of directors at family-board-controlled firms, the lower the Chief Executive Officer remuneration.

AP American History Essay Essay

The British jointure American colonies grew considerably between 1600 and 1763. Imports and exports across the Atlantic motherd a constant gather up for tote in the colonies. The British colonies supplied keen goods as well as some manufactured goods for countries around the world especially in Europe. As the pack for cash crops and raw materials from the Americas grew, the contend for savvy also increased. Trans-Atlantic interactions fostered continuity in the exact for labor in the British North American colonies from 1600 to 1763 but also fostered changes in the sources of labor.The harsh conditions for indentured servitude re master(prenominal)ed during this period. Indentured servants were treated basically as slaves and many, when freed, were un up to(p) to make a decent living for themselves with the small amount of country they were given. The government and union still viewed former indentured servants as inferior to the middle class colonial citizens. Indentured servants were the main source of labor, especially in the north, until Bacons rebellion. Nathanial Bacon in Jamestown conduct Bacons rebellion this rebellion was brought close to against the rule of Governor William Berkley. The immediate cause was Berkleys refusal to retaliate against a number of recent indigenous American attacks on the frontier settlements, most of which were inhabited by former indentured servants.The long-term cause was the inequality in society between former indentured servants, the lower class, and the middle class. After this rebellion, landowners began to pick permanent African slaves to indentured servants who only worked unpaid for about seven years. African slaves soon prove a better source for labor because they did not rebel like the indentured servants, and they proved uttermost a good deal healthy and durable than Native Americans. The south especially began to rely on this source of labor because of their cash crops and their plantation soc iety.Farming of cash crops such as tobacco, indigo, rice, and cotton provided for a continued demand in labor throughout the colonies. The south especially had a voiceless, constant, demand for laborers because their cash crop, rice, required a lot of time and expertise. The Confederate colonies also required more labor because of their vast amount of land compared to the northern colonies.Slaves from West Africa proved to be very valuable to plantation owners in the south as these slaves had knowledge in the growth and care of rice. As demand for these crops rose in Europe, so did the demand for labor both forced and voluntary. British colonists began to shift from produceing varied cash crops to monoculture crops such as tobacco and cotton, which impacted labor systems. Thisshift created a plantation labor system, particularly in the southern colonies. The plantation labor system relied heavily on African slaves rather than indentured servants.In the north, family farm labor ch aracterized the majority of the labor during this time consequently the north did not require as such(prenominal) demand for alternate labor. The South, however had a preponderantly plantation based society with a strong demand for cheap labor. The families in the South did not grow fast enough to be able to sustain such large amounts of land on their own. When the American colonies broke from England this difference in dependency of slaves between the north and south proved to be an issue in the creation of the government. The Northwest dirt Ordinance created by the Articles of Confederation prohibited any slavery from the old western territories. This began the slow remotion of slavery that eventually led to the civil war.The trans-Atlantic slave trade rose during the period of 1600-1763. This allowed for employers to acquire African slaves much easier. revolutionary England would trade rum with the Africans for slaves, which they would then use to trade with the southern Amer icans for sugar, which was then returned to New England. European imperial systems correspondingly shifted from mercantilism to capitalism.The private owners in colonial America began to have more control over the trade and profit of the community rather than the state.America also began to become much more self-sufficient even though they were still under Englands control. Englands policy of ripe neglect allowed for the colonies to expand and become more independent from the British and the other colonies. This independence and increased demand by other countries for goods from the American colonies caused an increase demand for labor.Trans-Atlantic trade and other interactions caused an increase demand for labor in the British North American colonies from 1600-1763 but also created a change in the sources of labor. The demand for changes in labor sources were due to Bacons rebellion, the shift from farming varied cash crops to monoculture crops such as cotton and tobacco, the shi ft from mercantilism to capitalism in Europe, and the formation of a plantation system predominantly in the South. Slave labor in the south helped direct the nation to the Civil War. The Developments between 1600 and 1763 led to little slave labor in the North and slave dependency in the South. This labor training aided in sectional division and political issues that led to the Civil War.

Does Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Does Maslows power structure of necessitate - Essay ExampleThis essay will examine the theory of humanism in child cultivation with relation to learning and study. humanitarianism was first developed in the 1960s by prominent authors Maslow and Rogers. many another(prenominal) aspects of this approach ar still relevant today. In particular, this essay will consider Maslows Hierarchy of Needs as well as whether this is followed in practice and what criticism and contrasting theories exist. This theory has been apply in many different applications since its development and continues to be well used into the present day. Theories of Development thither are a number of different theories that examine the way in which children learn and develop in educational environments . Prominent among these are behaviourism, constructivism, cognitivism, theories of social interaction and humanistic theories. Behavioural theory is determinalistic, and believes that the learner is a passive enti ty that responds solely to changes in environmental stimuli. Under constructivism, learning is viewed as an active process epoch cognitive theories do not consider learning to be a change in behaviour, but rather a process through which new information is acquired . Humanism is an approach to learning and education that has been present since the 1960s. It was developed as a contrast to approaches such as behaviourism and cognitivism, both of which are heavily determinalistic. Humanists believe that the way in which an individual behaves is related to who they are internally, their feelings and concept of self. The approach assumes that globe are essentially good, and that growth and fulfilment are a predominant human motive. Humanism has forceed in many scientific advances in the understanding of human behaviour, and in particular, advances in professional practice . Humanism was initially developed for education by two prominent authors in the 1960s and subsequently became an naturalized movement within American psychology. These authors were Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow and their views are thought to be relevant in education today. It has been argued that the certain problems experienced in education are largely related to a failure to address the concerns that the authors raised(a) . Rogers argues that in the present time traditional schooling methods are failing as people take on a higher level of expertise in todays world than was needed in the past, and there is a greater need to understand how and why something occurs than ever before. He focuses on the approximation of person-centred learning, where the process of learning is the most important factor and the outcome is secondary. At the time of writing, more than 95 percent of activities within schools were selected by teachers, and Rogers considers that students having input in the activities that are undertaken is an essential component of effective learning. . The mind of person-centre d learning that Rogers forwarded has become an effective approach in psychotherapy and counselling and is used frequently in modern times. However, his approach has not been widely adopted in schools. Maslow forwarded the idea that human motivation is the result of people seeking to grow and looking for fulfilment or self-actualisation. He produced a